Hematology

About Hematology

Hematology is the branch of medicine that focuses on conditions affecting the blood, bone marrow and lymphatic system. It looks at how blood cells are produced, how they function and how the body regulates blood clotting.

The main areas of hematology include:

• Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
• Bone marrow, where blood cells are produced.
• The lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes and spleen.
• Blood clotting and bleeding disorders.

The aim is to understand what is causing a patient’s symptoms or abnormal test results and to provide the right diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care.

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When to Consult a Hematologist

A referral to a hematologist may be appropriate if you have symptoms or blood test results that suggest a problem with your blood, bone marrow or lymphatic system.

Common reasons for an assessment include:

• Ongoing tiredness, weakness or unusually pale skin.
• Unexplained bruising or bleeding.
• Blood clots, particularly if they occur more than once.
• Frequent infections or a fever with no clear cause.
• Swollen lymph nodes or an enlarged spleen.
• Unexplained weight loss or night sweats.
• Abnormal results on routine blood tests.

A specialist can help establish whether these findings are linked to a blood disorder and whether further tests are needed.

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Conditions We Diagnose and Manage

Our hematology service provides assessment and ongoing care for a range of conditions, including:

• Anemia and disorders affecting the body’s iron levels.
• Conditions involving red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets.
• Thalassemia and other hemoglobin disorders.
• Blood-clotting disorders, thrombosis and unusual bleeding.
• Bone marrow disorders and myeloproliferative diseases.
• Leukemia and lymphoma.
• Monoclonal gammopathies and multiple myeloma.

Care is tailored to each patient according to their diagnosis, the nature of their condition and their individual needs.

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Our Diagnostic Approach

We follow a structured approach to identifying and managing blood disorders:

• Discussing your symptoms and medical history.
• Carrying out a clinical examination.
• Deciding which tests and investigations are appropriate.
• Performing the necessary hematological assessments.
• Reviewing the results together.
• Developing a treatment and follow-up plan.

Test results are considered alongside your symptoms, medical history and overall health, rather than interpreted on their own.

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Tests and Procedures

Depending on your individual needs, our hematology service may include:

• A full blood count and examination of blood cells under a microscope.
• Specialized blood and laboratory tests.
• Bone marrow aspiration and examination of bone marrow cells.
• Bone marrow biopsy.

Further information about individual tests is available in the Medical Examinations section.

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Multidisciplinary Care

Our hematology service works closely with:

• The diagnostic laboratory.
• Medical imaging services.
• The pathology laboratory.
• Other medical specialists, when needed.

This coordinated approach helps ensure that each patient receives a thorough assessment and appropriate care.

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Medical Team

Hematology services at Klinika Kajo are provided by a specialist in the assessment, diagnosis and ongoing care of patients with blood disorders.

• Dr Irma Lapaj – Hematologist.

For further information about her training, professional experience and clinical interests, please visit her profile page.